Actuating mechanism for registers



Feb. 25, 1947.

Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. flare/071mg.

ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947.

H. T. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Oyiginal Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN T OR. IL/OFO/O/ 41/ BY A TTORNEYS. I

w mwHrmu Feb. 25, 1947. H, T, AV 2,416,369

ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 3 A TTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947. H. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 4 55/ 552 (5 7Z5 5&3 759 FIE L l:i FIE L L INVENTOR.

Hora/offlray. BY

A TTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947. H. T. AVERY 5 5 ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGI$TERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 25, 1947. 1, AVERY 2,53 36,36

ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 194.0 13 Sheets-Sheet 7 0/ W 0 0 0 MW ,0 ,0 6 0Q 0 f 0 L J 0000 w @0 000 W W M 3499Wfi$ W 00,000 5 6 6 0 fl 6 A 0 fi 6 W W 6 0000 9/00 076 w w m 4 55 4 m 090 0 9 we 6 1 w 707 9090 \1 Q 0 m w $0 m 5 5 2022 M@ E 6000 0000 U R M 2 m T f 0 w a? 0 5 m E w Z a ww w E w m w 0 7 Saw 6 A 3M 7 /o A 7 M NM m MM W M M 0 ,6, M m m 0 Wm M 0 m 5 r. f z r r fie A R an F FJQAP r wa Kiwi A2 J /v INVENTQR. f/am/affla ey ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947. T, AVERY 2,416,369

I ACTUAT'ING MECHANISM FOR-REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2', 1940 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 BY ma I ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 9 I N V EN T OR. Ham/07.7084 BY ATTORNEYS.

o ono o o o x Feb. 25, 1947. H. T. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS l3 Sheets-Sheet 10 mm w uHrmu 0 R w S H m M g b EH Q g E w M M m \u\ MS Q9 HQ 1 A \Q QQ 5 \Q r Feb. 25, 1947. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 11 FIE EEJ A TTO RNE YS.

H. T. AVERY 2,416,369

ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Feb. 25, 1947.

13 Sheets-Sheet 12 Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 751 5-5 Q- EIE 3CL FIE 3E IN V EN TOR. Ham/0 [AVE/j.

By @7 4W A TTORNEYS.

Feb. 25, 1947.

H. T. AVERY ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Original Filed Aug. 2, 1940 13 Sheets-Sheet 15 FIE 33 INVENTOR Ham/0 .7 41/6/3/ A TTORNE Y5.

Patented Feb. 25, 194? ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR REGISTERS Harold T- Avery, Oakland, Calif., assignor to Marchant Calculating Machine Company, a corporation of California Original application August 2, 1940, Serial No. 349,940. Divided and this application May 1, 1945, Serial No. 591,250

26 Claims.

The present invention relates to motor driven calculating machines and, more particularly, to registering devices of the type in which each registering dial or numeral wheel is driven a selected amount by an individual clutch.

Most present day calculating machines employ a shiftable accumulator register containing indicating dials and a separate, stationary actuator of considerable size, weight, and cost. In machines of this type there is necessarily provided in connection with each dial of the accumulator register, transmission mechanisms to transmit movement from the actuator to the dial, and pawling devices for preventing displacement of the dial when it is disconnected from the actuator.

Although the machine of the present invention contemplates providing an independent actuating unit in the form of a clutching mechanism for each accumulator dial, and the total number of actuating units is thereby increased, the total cost of the combined actuating devices is substantially reduced, since it is possible to elimininate the transmission mechanism required in connection with the prior art actuator units.

The present construction of dial clutching devices is particularly advantageous in that it eliminates the necessity of mechanically shifting the accumulator, by making practicable an electrical shifting mechanism involving merely the movement of a relatively simple and light switching device. This further reduces the total cost of the machine, and makes it possible to enclose the compact mechanism in a well rounded and smooth casing, thereby improving the exterior appearance of the machine to a degree not heretofore possible with an externally shiftable carriage.

An object of the invention is to provide an accumulator register for a motor driven calculatl'ng machine in which each dial has a clutch unit directly and permanently associated therewith for selectively coupling that dial to the motor for a selected interval of time, to enter a desired value into that dial.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reversible dial clutch construction and electrical controlling devices for selectively stopping the dial irrespective of the direction of rotation thereof.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide improved electrical switching means for effecting tens transfer from one dial to another in a machine of the type referred to.

It is an additional object of the present invention to provide electrical switching means for conditioning an accumulator mechanism for chain transfer of tens.

Another object is to reduce the current drain of an electrically actuated machine, and particularly the peak current that may be drawn at any instant.

An important feature of the invention is a calculating machine in which the cooperative rela tion between the elements is such as to greatly simplify and reduce the size of the parts of the registering, actuating, and tens transfer mechanism which constitute the essential elements of any commercial calculating machine. Briefly, by employing power to engage a dial clutch at a fixed time and then selectively disengaging the clutch to determine the extent of rotation of the dial, it is possible to: (1) develop an extremely compact clutch mechanism adapted for high speed operation and relatively inexpensive to manufacture; (2) develop a sensitive, reliable, and practicable control mechanism for selectively disabling the clutch to control the extent of movement of the dial both for digitation and tens transfer.

Another feature of the invention resides in the use of control devices in which operation is selectively determined by momentary energization of an electromagnet, the fact that only momentary energization of the magnet is necessary making it possible to employ much smaller electromagnets than would otherwise be possible without objectionable heating effect.

Only objects and features of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description to follow of two different embodiments of the invention that are illustrated in the drawings in which:

Figures 1 to 21, inclusive, relate to the first embodiment; and

Figures 22 to 32, inclusive, relate to the second embodiment.

Figures 33 and 34 relate to an alternative tens transfer switching arrangement for the first embodiment.

This is a division of my co-pending patent application Serial Number 349,940, filed on August 2, 1940.

FIRST EMBODIMENT Figure l is a top exterior View of the first embodiment of the invention, showing the general arrangement of the control keys and accumulator registers;

Figure 2 is a top view of the driving mechanism of the machine, shown partly schematically and partly in section;

Figure 3 is a right side view showing the general arrangement of the setting mechanism and the relation of the control keys to the driving mechanism;

Figure 4 is an enlarged right side detail View of the accumulator clutch and the controls therefor;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary right side view of certain of the elements partially shown in Figure l;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the relation between the toothed drive shaft and the clutch pawl;

Figure 7 is an enlarged right side view of a plurality of cam set electrical switches, for determining a tens transfer operation;

Figure 8 is a detail right side view of a cam set switch for shifting the accumulator clutch controlling circuit from digitation to tens-transfer positions;

Figure 9 is a right side view of the clearance keys and the control exerted thereby over the driving mechanism and reverse unit;

Figure 10 is a right side detail view of certain cams which effect engagement of the clutches during clearance;

Figure 11 is a right side view of the cams which effect engagement of the accumulator clutches for digitation and transfer;

Figure 12 is a timing chart showing the timed relation between the electrical and mechanical controlling devices of the machine;

Figure 13 is a schematic circuit diagram showthe plane XIX-XIX of Figure 20;

Figure 20 is a vertical sectional View through the shift switch, the view being taken looking from the front of the machine;

Figure 21 is a sectional View, taken substantially in the plane XXL-XXI of Figure 20.

SECOND EMBODIMENT Figure 22 is a timing chart showing how the timing of the second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment;

Figure 23 is a schematic view of the unidirectional drive to the accumulator shafts and the reversible drive to the actuator timing switch;

Figure 24 is a right side view showing the general arrangement of the machine and the relation of the control keys to the driving mechanism;

Figure 25 is a schematic circuit diagram for the machine;

Figure 26 is a right side view of the accumu lator control cams and the linkage from the clearance keys which selectively connect different groups of the cams to the driving mechanism;

Figure 27 is an enlarged right side view of a unidirectional accumulator clutch and controls therefor;

Figure 28 is an enlarged right side view of a cam and mechanism actuated thereby which controls the transfer switches according to the position of the dials;

Figure 29 is a sectional view through the shift switch, taken substantially in the plane XXIX-2QIX of Figure 30;

Figure 30 is a sectional view of the shift switch taken through the axis thereof;

Figure 31 is a sectional view of the shift switch taken in the plane XXXIXXXI of Figure 30;

Figure 32 is a right side View of the lever which conditions the machine for division or multiplication;

Alternatzve switching arrangement for the first embodiment Figure 33 is a schematic diagram illustrating a modification of the circuit shown in Figure 13; and

Figure 34 is an enlarged right side view of camset electrical switches alternative to those disclosed in Figure 7.

FIRST EMBODIMENT Referring to the general view of Figure 1, the machine is provided with a flexible type keyboard comprising factor keys Hit, a plus key 505, a minus key 5%, shift keys 830 and 8'15, an accumulator register if"), a counter register 503, a counter dial reverse lever 480, and ordinal indicators 5M and 502.

The accumulator dials are rotated under the control of the keyboard, which may be selectively electrically associated with the different groups of dials in different orders of the accumulator re ister. This selective association of the keyboard with different orders of the accumulator is controlled by the shift keys 83l and B75, and is indicated by the ordinal indicators 56! and 502 which move together. The indicator 50! indicates the counter dial that is operative, and the indicator 582 indicates which eight orders of the accumulator are electrically connected to the eight keyboard orders. In order to facilitate the entry of factors set in the keyboard into the accumulator register 59% in correct decimal relation, the eight tips of the indicator 582 are preferably selectively colored to correspond to the colors of the eight rows of keys Hlil, whereby the operator can tell at a glance the decimal relation between the keyboard and the accumulator register. Each depression of the shift key 830 shifts the indicators Bill and 562 one step toward the right, and electrically associates the keyboard with the new orders indicated. A single depression of the key 875 effects a complete shift in the opposite direction, and returns the indicators from any rightward position they may be in, to the initial leftmost position shown in Figure 1.

The accumulator register 5% and the counter register 563 each comprises a plurality of ordinal accumulator units, each of which units is independently clutched to and declutched from a common shaft on which all are mounted. The clutches employed are of the ratchet type and are engaged at a fixed time and disengaged at selected times, and are constructed so as to effect operation in either direction of rotation.

A main switch 518 is provided to control the power supply to the electrical equipment in the machine.

DIAL SHAFT DRIVING MEcHANIsM Following the depression of the proper keys I D0 to introduce a desired factor into the selection mechanism in a manner to be described later, operation is initiated by depressing either the plus key 555 or the minus key 595. This starts the motor, engages the main clutch to drive the dial shafts from the motor, and also conditions the driving mechanism between the motor and the dial shafts to determine their direction of rotation.

Both the counter dials and the accumulator dials may be driven in either direction or in opposite directions simultaneously. During addition and multiplication, the accumulator dials and the counter dials are rotated in plus (counterclockwise) direction.

During subtraction and division, the accumulator dials are driven in minus (clockwise) direction, and the counter dials are driven in plus direction.

In complementary multiplication, the accumulator dials are driven in plus direction and the counter dials are driven in minus direction; and in negative multiplication, the accumulator dials are driven in minus direction and the counter dials are driven in plus direction.

In complementary division, both the accumulator dials and the counter dials are driven in minus direction.

The mechanism for driving the accumulator shaft 55! (Fig. 3) and counter register shaft 553 from the motor 528 includes a main clutch it] Which has a driving member driven clockwise by a motor 5'28 through gears 550, 51%|, 532, a shaft 533 and a ratchet wheel i l keyed on shaft 53-3. The main clutch it! also includes a driven member selectively connectible with the driving member in a manner to be described later, said driven member having a gear 555 meshing with a gear 5 31 fixed to a shaft 5%. This shaft 542 has rotatably mounted thereon (Fig. 2) a pair of gears 555 and 54'! adapted to be selectively coupled one at a time to the shaft 552. Thus the lower end (with reference to Fig. 2) of shaft 542 is hollow and contains an axially movable pin 543, which pin has secured thereto a lateral pin 5 :5 extending through a longitudinal slot 5% in the shaft 552. The outer end of pin 545 engages a notch in hub on either gear 546 or gear 547, depending upon the axial position of pin 543. As shown in Fig. 2, pin 555 is in engagement with the gear 555 and the latter is being driven by the shaft 552. Obviously, the pin 553 is shifted outwardly (downwardly in Fig, 2) then the pin 555 will be disengaged from gear 556 and engaged with gear 55?, causing the latter to be driven with shaft 552.

Gear 555 meshes directly with a gear 555 (Fig. 3) on the accumulator shaft 555i, and since the gear 545, when engaged by pin rotates coun.. terclockwise, it rotates the accumulator shaft 55! clockwise, which is the minus direction.

rotatable on shaft 552. Gear 546 also permanently meshes with a gear 554 mounted on a shaft 551. Gear 554 may be locked to the latter shaft by a transverse pin 555 on an axial pin 559 corresponding to the transverse pin 545 and the axial pin 545 associated with shaft 542. A gear 555, fixed to shaft 557, meshes with a gear 558 on the counter register shaft 553.

Summarizing, gear 545, rotating counter-clockwise, drives accumulator gear 550 clockwise (which is its minus direction) gear 546 also drives gear 555 clockwise; gear drives gear 555 in the same direction (clockwise), and gear 555 drives the counter register gear 558 counterclockwise, which is its plus direction.

Therefore, with the apparatus in the condition shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the accumulator shaft 55! is driven clockwise or minus and the counter register shaft 553 is driven counter-clockwise, which is its plus direction.

To change the directions of rotation of the accumulator and counter register shafts, the lever 55? or the lever 552 (or both) are rocked. The l ver 582 is controlled by the counter dial reverse lever 355 in a manner to be described later, and the lever 55! is controlled by the plus key 555 in a manner to be described later.

If the lever 55'! is rocked counter-clockwise (Fig. 3), the pin 5 35 (Fig. 2) is moved outwardly by its spring 559, to engage the lateral pin 545 with the notch in the hub of the gear 541 so that the latter gear (instead of the gear 545) is directly driven by the shaft 542 in counterclockwise direction. Gear 54? therefore drives idler gear clockwise, which in turn drives the accumulator gear 555 in counter-clockwise (plus) direction. Gear 5 35 rotating clockwise, drives gear 554 counter-clockwise, which in turn drives the counter register gear 5-58 in clockwise (minus) direction.

It will be observed, therefore. that if the lever is shifted, but the lever 582 is not shifted, the directions of rotation of both the accumulator shaft 555 and counter register shaft 553 are reversed, and both shafts still rotate in opposite dircctions.

If lever 582 is shifted counter-clockwise (with reference to Fig. 3) the pin 555 (Fig. 2) is moved downwardly to engage the lateral pin 565 with the hub of gear 555. This causes the shaft 55'! and the gear 555 to be driven from gear 54'! instead of gear 5 16, since gears 555 and 541 always rotate in opposite direction, the counter register shaft 553 will then be driven in the same direction the accumulator shaft 55!.

The following table is provided for convenient reference in determining the direction of rotation of the accumulator shaft 55! and the counter register shaft 555:

Direction of of rotation of To a 1011 of Position Oi 1c. er 557 Positlon of lever 582 counter Type of calculation accumulator register shaft 551 shaft 553 Clockwise M inus. Plus Subtraction and division. "do... Plus. "Miuus. Complementary multiplication. do Minus Plus. Ne ative multiplication. Counter-clockwise. Plus ,Jio Addition and multiplication.

do Minus Minus Complementary division.

The accumulator drive gear 551! is driven directly by the gear 555. The accumulator drive gear 550 also meshes with and drives an idler gear 552 meshing with the gear 551 (Fig. 2)

Control of counter register reverse unit As previously stated, the lever 582 is controlled by the counter dial reverse lever 585. Thus the which, under the conditions prevailing, is freely 7 counter dial reverse lever 485 is pivotally mounted on a stud 48!. (Fig. 3) and is pivotally connected by a second stud tee (Fig. 9) to the upper end of a lever 58! adapted to rock about an axis 958, which is normally fixed. The lever 58! is pivotally connected, intermediate its ends (by a stud 589), to the left end of lever 532, which is pivoted on a stationary stud 583.

When the lever 85 is in upper position (Fig. l), opposite the division symbol, the lever 582 (Figs. 9 and 3) is in clockwise position, in which the counter register shaft 553 is rotated in the opposite direction to the accumulator shaft 55!.

When the lever 385 is moved downwardly (Fig. 1) opposite the multiplication symbol, the upper end of lever 58! (Fig. 9) is rocked toward the right, thereby rocking the lever 582 counterclockwise or toward the left with reference to Fig. 2. This causes downward movement of the pin 559 and reversal of the direction of rotation of the counter register shaft 553, as previously described.

The lever 185 is yieldably retained in either extreme position by engagement of a stud 388 thereon (Fig. 3) with one or the other of two recesses 4.86 and 48? in a leaf spring 285 secured to the top cover of the machine.

OPERATION INITIATING MECHANISM After a factor has been set up on the keys Hi9, positive or negative operation of the machine is initiated by pressing either the plus key 505 or the minus key 565.

Depression of either the minus key 5235 or the plus key 5% results in the starting of the motor 523 and the engagement of the main clutch i5. Thus the key 556 is mounted on a key stem 535 for vertical movement on studs 53S and 531i and is normally maintained in raised position by a spring 538 tensioned between the stud 536 and an car on the key stem. An ear 539 is formed on the lower end of the key stem in position overlying the left end 522 of a clutch actuating lever 523 which is pivoted on a stationary stud 524 so that when the key 5835 is depressed it rocks the lever 523 counter-clockwise against the tension of a spring 57%). Depression of the left end 522 of lever 523 shifts a stud 5?? thereon to permit closure of a switch 525 in the motor circuit, thereby starting the motor. At the same time, the

counter-clockwise rotation of the lever 523 carries an ear 525 on the right end thereof upward out of engagement with the main clutch it}, permitting the latter to engage and rotate the accumulator shaft 55! and the counter register shaft 553,

the accumulator shaft rotating in minus direction. The clutch iii is similar to the clutch of the same number shown in Fig. 3 in the Avery Patent Number 2,162,238, issued June 13, 1939, to which reference is made for details of construction.

The operator may release the key 556 immediately without stopping the clutch ac. since the ear 525 will ride on the disc i 2 of the clutch until the latter has completed a revolution, at which time the spring Eli) on the lever 523 rocks the latter clockwise to draw the ear 525 into the notch of disc l2, which functions to disengage a pawl H from the ratchet i l of the clutch to disenga e it.

Depression of the plus key 565 starts the motor and engages the main clutch in exactly the manner described in connection with the minus key 506, by virtue of an ear em on one key stem 553 of key 565, the ear being closely positioned to the ear 539 of the minus key and directly above the end 522 of the lever 523.

In addition, depression of the plus key actuates the lever 58? into counter-clockwise position to reverse the direction of rotation of the accumulator shaft 55! and the counter register shaft 553.

The plus key 585. is mounted on two key stems 55? and 508, which are guided by slots in a top plate M8 and are pivotally connected to two parallel bell cranks 5M and 5115 rockable about stationary studs 5% and 52?, respectively. These bell cranks 5M and 5E5 have downwardly extending arms connected by studs 562 and 553 to a link 55!. Stud 553 also engages a slot 5% in the left end of a link 515, the right end of the link being pivotally connected to the upper end of a lever 55 t secured to the shaft 555, to which the reversing lever 56'! is also secured.

When key 585 is depressed, link 575 (Fig. 3) is pulled toward the left and levers 5M and 551 are rocked counter-clockwise, conditioning the drive for rotating the accumulator shaft 559i in counter-clockwise or plus direction.

The ear 525 of lever 523 rides on the periphery of the clutch disc l2 and cannot move downward until it approaches the notch in the disc at the end of the cycle, at which time the spring 5'50 rocks the control lever 523 clockwise, to dis engage the clutch and raise the key 585 by contact of the end 522 of lever 523, with the ear 52E on the key. Thereafter, a spring 5'i5 restores the lever 55? to normal or minus position, as shown in Fig. 3, the lever being retained in plus position during the cycle by an interlock, next to be described.

Reversing mechanism interlock The reversing lever 557 (Fig. 3) is held in one or the other of its two extreme positions, as long as the clutch ii) is engaged, so that there can be no possibility of reversal of the mechanism during the cycle. To this end a lug Fl! on reversing link 575 cooperates with an ear 572 formed on the clutch control lever 523 in such position that during initiation of a negative operation by de pression of the minus key 5516 the ear 512 moves upward in front of the lug 5'li to prevent forward movement of link 516. On the other hand, during initiation of a plus cycle (by depression of the plus key 555) the reversing link 5'i5 is moved forward (to the left in Fig. 3) before the ear 52l on key 52-5 engages the end 522 of lever 523, so that by the time the latter is rocked countedclockwise, the tip of lug 5H has passed to the left of ear 572, and as the key 555 is depressed further, the ear 572 begins to rise, and the lug 5' I continues to move to the left, thus rocking the ear 572 upward just clear of the diagonal surface 5'12 on lug Ell, until the car 525 is completely raised and the clutch is engaged. Thereafter, during the main clutch cycle, the ear 5'l2 remains behind the lug 5H and prevents rearward movement of the link 5'175 until the approximate time of clutch disengagement.

The slot 576 in the reversing link 556 is provided to permit return movement of the key 505 by the lever 523, before the reverse lever 551 and the reverse link 51% return to their normal positions, as shown in Fi 3.

DIAL CLUTCHES The construction of the accumulator dial clutches and the counter register dial clutches is the same, and they will be described with reference to Fig. 4, which discloses one of the accumulator clutches, mounted on the accumulator drive shaft 55!. As shown in Fig. 4, the shaft 55! is provided with longitudinal teeth or splines, the teeth being turned down at the ends in order to pin or otherwise secure the drive gear 555 (Fig. 2) to the shaft.

Each clutch assembly includes a centralizer disc 585 (Fig. i) secured to the associated dial 505, and a notched disc The centralizer disc 595 has a pair of studs 58? and 553 extending rearwardly therefrom (with reference to Fig. i) and the notched disc 555 has a pair of studs 595 and 55! extending rearwardly therefrom.

The centralizer disc 585 is positioned in front of the notched disc 58", but the latter has clearance holes therein (one of which is indicated at 592) through which the studs 55'! and 5533 extend, these clearance holes permitting limited relative rotation between the two discs. Pivotally supported on the two studs 55'! and 583, is a plane immediately back of the notched disc 555 are two pawls 595 and 595, respectively, which pawls are urged into engagement with the teetof shaft 55! by a spring 597, but can be rocked out of engagement with the shaft by rotation of the notched disc 556 relative to the centralizer disc 585, which relative rotation forces the studs 595 and 59! on the notched disc against the pawls 595 and 596. Thus, as shown in Fig. l, the stud 599 is directly engaging and lifting the nose of pawl 555 and the stud 591 is bearing against the tail 598 of the pawl 595. Furthermore, the centralizer disc 585 is yieldably held against rotation by a nose 505 of a centralizer 555 which is yieldably pressed into a notch of the disc 585 by an S- shaped toggle spring 59! tensioned between a stud 6B2 mounted on a lower arm 553 of the centralizer, and a stationary stud 554.

The spring 597 urges pawl 555 counter-clockwise about its supporting stud 558 so that with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 4, the nose of the pawl urges the stud 595 toward the left, tending to rotate the notched disc 555 counter-clockwise. Likewise, the pawl 595, under the urge of the same spring 55'! forces its tail 593 against the stud 59!, which also urges the notched disc counter-clockwise. However, the notched disc is prevented from such counterclockwise movement relative the centralizer disc 585, by engagement of an ear 55'! of a clutch dog 605 with the upper edge of a notch 559, and the clutch unit is thus locked in a tensioned, disengaged position as long as the ear 55? remains in the notch of disc 585.

If the dial 555 were the same digital position but the previous rotation had been in the reverse (clockwise) direction. the ear 5M of the clutch dog would have seated in th next adjacent clockwise notch of disc 585 against the edge 595 thereof. Therefore, although the centralizer disc 585 and the dial 559 would be in the position shown in Fig. 4, the notched disc 585 would be displaced approximately 24 counter-clockwise from the position shown in Fig. 4, so that the stud 555 would be blocking clockwise movement of pawl 595 and the stud 55! would be blocking the tail 595 of pawl 595.

In other words, following counter-clockwise movement, the stud 555 engages the pawl 555 to disengage it from th drive shaft, and stud 55! engages pawl 555 to disengage it from the shaft, whereas following clockwise movement of the dial the stud 595 functions to disengage the pawl 555 and the stud 59! functions to disengage pawl 595.

Accumulator clutch engagement To engage the clutch, the clutch dog 558 (Fig. 4) is rocked counter-clockwise by means to be described later. This carries the ear 551 out of the notch in the notched disc 555, whereupon the spring 597, acting through the pawls 595 and 595 and the studs 590 and 55i rocks the notched disc 586 counter-clockwise with respect to the centralizer disc 585, permitting the pawl 595 to rotate clockwise on its stud 58! into engagement with the shaft 55L and permitting the pawl 555 to rock counter-clockwise on its stud 588 to also engage the accumulator shaft, whereupon the entir clutch assembly and the dial 555 rotate with the shaft.

It will be observed from Fig. 6 that the pivotal axis of pawl 595 is so positioned that the tooth face 555a with which that pawl engages when the shaft 55! is rotatin clockwise, is substantially normal to a line drawn from the pivotal axis of the pawl to the contacting face 55m so that pawl 595 effects driving engagement between the shaft and the clutch when the shaft is rotating in clockwise direction. On the other hand, a line drawn from the pivotal axis of the pawl 555 through th pawl tooth face 55% of shaft 55i is substantially perpendicular to the tooth face 55H) so that pawl 595 effects driving connection from the shaft 55! to the clutch when the shaft is rotating in counter-clockwise direction. By providing two complementary pawls as shown, instead of only one pawl, the pawls can be shaped to provide wedge noses capable of fitting into the angular grooves of shaft 55!. Such a structure provides for positive engagement of the clutch even at high rotative speeds of shaft 55!.

Thus it will be observed from an inspection of Fig. 6 that irrespective of the direction of rotation of the shaft 55! one of the pawls 555 or 595 can start to move into engaging position as soon as the tooth in advance of the tooth to be engaged has passed the nose of the pawl. In other I words, each of the pawls has substantial time to move from disengaging to engaging position,

thereby providing positive clutch engagement at relatively high rotative speeds of shaft 55!.

Rotation of the centralizer disc 535 forces the centralizer 555 to rock counter-clockwise until the nose 555 thereon is clear of the lobes of the centralizer disc. This rocking motion is sufficient to bring the stud 552 into a position barely past the center line between the stud 654 and the shaft 6!5 and render the spring 59! ineffective to restore the centralizer into engagement with the centralizer disc. An ear M5 on a stationary bracket serves as a limiting stop for the centralizer and restrains the latter in the position barely past the center line mentioned.

Accumulator clutch disengagement The clutch having been engaged as last described, the entire clutch assembly and the dial continue to rotate until the clutch is disengaged and disengagement is effected by clockwise rotation of the clutch dog 658 by clutch control apparatus to be described later.

Initial clockwise rotation of the dog 553 causes an ear (H2 thereon to engage the centralizer 555 and rock it clockwise past its dead center position whereupon the toggle spring 59! snaps it further clockwise to bring the nose 555 against the centralizer disc 555.

The clockwise movement of the clutch dog 555 11 causes the ear 6!)? thereon to engage one of the notches of the notched disc 556 and positively stop further rotation thereof. Thereafter continued rotation of the clutch dial and the centralizer disc 585 causes the studs and 5M to cam the pawls 595 and 596 out of engagement with the shaft 55!. By the time the noses of the pawls have been carried clear of the shaft 55L the nose 605 of the centralizer 66%] drops to the bottom of one of the valleys in the centralizer disc, yieldably restraining the latter and the dial in centralized position.

ACCUMULATOR CLUTCH CONTROL As previously indicated, each dial clutch is engaged or disengaged by rocking its associated clutch dog 608 (Fig. 4) either clockwise or counter-clockwise, respectively. The arrangement is such that each of the clutch dogs 5538 is mechanically, power-rocked counter-clockwise into a clutch engaging position early in each cycle (unless its associated rocking mechanism has been previously disabled), and is individually selectively rocked clockwise into clutch disengaging position by disabling means including electrical elements controlled by the keyboard of the machine.

Mechanical control for engaging the clutches The clutch dogs 608 (Fig. 4) are rocked counter-clockwise (to engage the clutches) through engagement of an arm 658 on the lower end of each dog 688 by an ear 648 on a lever 655 (Fig. 5), which lever is rocked clockwise by a hook 637 on an arm 63% (Fig. 4) keyed to a shaft 635. Shaft 635 is common to all the orders of the machine and is rocked clockwise early in each cycle by an arm 638 (Fig. 11) thereon, the arm having a roller 63! engaging a dial clutch engaging cam 62$, which is secured to the main clutch driven member and has a rise 62! that performs the aforementioned rocking of shaft 635 shortly after the beginning of the clutch cycle, and maintains the shaft 635 in rocked position during about three-fourths of the digitation phase of the cycle. During this period, each clutch can be disengaged at a selected time, dependent upon the selected amount to be registered on its particular dial, by means to be described later, which disconnects the clutch controls from the shaft 635.

The dial clutch engaging cam 52% is driven from the main clutch by a mechanism shown in Figure 2. Thus the main clutch disc 12 has an integral hub 62!! which is journaled in a bearing SH secured to a machine frame plate 622. Thus hub 62!) is secured to a collar $2 3 (for positioning the clutch laterally in the machine) and to a shaft 625 by a screw 623. The shaft 625 supports and drives the cam 626.

If any clutch dog 608 has not been restored clockwise into clutch disengaging position by the electrical control apparatus to be described later, such dog is released shortly prior to the completion of the cycle by counter-clockwise rocking of the shaft 635 (Fig. 4) which results when the roller 63! (Fig. 11) drops off the rise on the dial clutch engaging cam 526. The length of this rise on the cam 626 is such, relative to the speed of rotation of the dial shafts, that any dial which is both clutched to its shaft and declutched from its shaft by the cam 625 will move through nine digits. It will therefore be apparent that it will only be necessary to provide electrical declutching control when the value of the digit to be entered in a dial i less than nine.

Electrical control for disengaging clutches Electrical disengagement of any clutch (Figure 4) is effected by energizing a magnet 660 associated with that clutch. Each magnet 66!] has associated therewith an armature plate 65% secured to an arm tEil pivoted on a shaft H9. Arm 657 has a roller sec on the left end thereof which normally rides on the right end or tail 655 of the latch 53 1, so that downward movement of the arm 65! by the armature plate 658 in response to energization of the magnet 5 3i rocks the latch 63? clockwise to disengage the hook 6% on the left end thereof from the ear 55M, permitting the spring 639 to restore the lever 8 counter-clockwise into normal position shown in Fig. 5. This permits the spring 655i (Figure 4.) to restore the clutch dog SE38 clockwise into clutch disengaging position, as shown in Figure 4.

The upper surface of the tall 655 of latch 63! (Figure 5) is arcuate and normally concentric with respect to the shaft 635, so that the angular position of the latch 63? with respect to shaft 635 does not affect the operative relation between the tail 655 and the roller 655, and counter-clockwise rocking of the arm 65? releases the hook (53!! from the ear 6d? regardless of whether or not latch 537 has been rocked by shaft 635. If the arm 551 is held down by magnet @569 during the clockwise rocking of shaft 635 then the clutch is not engaged at all; this action occurs in case of a zero set up, to be described later.

ELECTRICAL SELECTION It will be apparent from the foregoing descrip tion that in order to obtain digitation of a dial 568 for a significant digit less than nine, it is necessary to correctly time the energization of the associated magnet fififi, and to accomplish this a timing switch is provided in the supply line to the magnet 66!), which timing switch is driven in timed relation with the accumulator shaft. This timing switch, in conjunction with electrical selection switches actuated by the keys it?) (Fig. 1), controls energization of the magnet 660 during the digitation phase of each cycle of operation.

Selection kegs A portion of the keyboard is shown in Fig. 3, and it will be observed that the keys Edi) cam a selection bar E20 rearward an amount proportional to the normal value of the key depressed. The link I22 supporting the selection bar has a brush 5M) insulatingly mounted on its lower end, which brush is adapted to make contact between a contact strip 5H and any one of nine contact pins 5H2, all mounted on an insulating plate M3. The series of contacts M2 correspond to the 0 to "8 keys ltd, and the operation of the key section is such that if the 0" key is depressed the brush 5ft remains in the normal position shown, whereas, if the 8 key is depressed the brush 5!!) moves to the right to connect the strip 5!! with the #8 contact 5l2. If the 9 key is depressed, however, the brush 5i!) is moved beyond the #8 contact, and, as has been explained hereinbefore, no electrical connection is necessary to effect a 9 digitation. Connection of the strip M l to any one of the contacts 5H2 closes selection circuits for controlling the accumulator unit in a manner which will be fully explained later.

Any key Hit, after being depressed, is looked down until released either by depressing another key in the same order, or a keyboard clear key It)! (Figure 1).

Actuator timing switch As was explained in the description of the dial shaft driving mechanism (Figure 2) the shaft 552 is driven with the main clutch l9 whenever the latter is engaged. l'he left end of shaft 542 (upper end in Figure 2) is keyed, by a keyway 655, to a key member BEE made of insulating material and having a brush mounted on an arm thereon, so as the shaft 542 rotates the brush 55?. the latter connects a continuous contact ring 558 successively to a series of contacts 865, all mounted on a stationary insulating member cs3.

Magnet-actuating circuits Referring now to the upper right-hand corner of the schematic diagram of Figure 13, there are nine of the contacts (3% corresponding respectively to the digital values zero to eight, each of which contacts is connected to the contacts 512 corresponding to the same digital value, in all the different keyboard orders, 1. e., the contact 558 is connected to all the #6 contacts i2 in all the keyboard orders, by a bus lead 618, the #1 contact 569 is connected to the #1 contacts 512 by a second bus lead 5'55, etc. Therefore, if the operator depresses (for example) the key ltii (Figure 3) in the rightmost order, the brush 5H3 in that order is shifted to the right to connect contact ill with the #8 contact fill, as indicated at 559a in Figure 13. Thereafter when a cycle of operation. is initiated as previously described, the dial in the rightmost accumulator order (XVI) and the brush 65'! (Fig. 13) move in timed relation, and when the dial approaches the eighth digital position, the brush E5? closes on the #8 contact 658, completing a circuit from the plus side of the supply line to contact ring 668, thence through brush 66? to the #8 contact 669, through lead 538, #8 contact M2 and brush 5! to the contact 5 in the rightmost keyboard order, thence through a lead 588 and contacts VIII and XVI of a shift switch 868, and over a lead 651 and through switch contacts 583 and 585 to the magnet 8655 in the rightmost accumulator order (XVI).

Since the bus leads fill; to $13 are connected in multiple to the contacts 5l2 in all keyboard orders, the different selection circuits in all orders are successively energized exactly as described with reference to order VIII.

Zero set-up Engagement of an accumulator clutch is prevented if a Zero is set in the associated order of the keyboard, by virtue of the fact that the brush 3b? (Fig. P) reaches the #0 contact 659 very early in the cycle thereby completing the circuit to energize the associated magnet 6% at the same time that the shaft (-235 (Fig. 4.) is rocked clockwise to effect engagement of the clutch. Therefore magnet B653 rocks the latch 63? clockwise to disengage the hook 634 from the car 6 1'. before the shaft 535 and lever 635 are rocked to clutch-en aging position.

NEGATIVE ACTUATION As previously explained, the accumulator shaft 55! is rotated counter-clockwise (Fig. 3) during rotate always corresponds to the digital value of the keyboard key depressed, irrespective of the direction of rotation of the accumulator dial. For example, suppose that a dial stands at 6, and 2 is to be subtracted from it. With the number 2 set in the keyboard, and the minus key depressed, the accumulator dial rotates in minus direction from 6 to 4 and is left standing at 4.

Tans TRANSFER In the present machine, tens-transfer is effected by (l) rocking the shaft 635 (Fig. 4) to mechanically engage the accumulator clutches for a single transfer actuation during a transfer phase of each cycle; and ('2) energizing magnets sec to prevent actuation of the clutches (in response to rocking of the shaft 635), if transfer is not desired. This makes possible a simple, electrical control of tens transfer by means of suitable switches actuated according to the position of the dial in the next lower order.

The mechanical means for rocking the shaft 635 during the transfer phase includes a transfer lobe 629 (Fig. 11) on the cam 626 which rocks the follower 630 clockwise near the end of each cycle exactly as it was rocked by the rise 62'! at the beginning of the digitation phase. The lobe B2?! is Very short so that the arm 630 and shaft 635 are held clockwise only long enough to advance the dials one digit.

The timing of the dial clutch engaging cam $26 is clearly indicated with reference to the other operations taking place during each cycle, by line 5 in the diagram of Fig. 12, the line constituting, in effect, a linear development of the cam surface and bearing reference numerals corresponding to the reference numerals applied to the Cam in Fig. 11.

Electric disabling of the tens-transfcr mechanism Referring to Fig. 13, the circuit to each magnet 659 is normally completed through a movable switch member 685 and its left contact 686 (with reference to Fig. 13) to the keyboard switches BIZ. These switch members 535 are controlled by a cam (driven by the main clutch) which throws the movable switch members 685 from contacts 686 to contacts 63? at approximately 280 of the main clutch cycle, or just before the transfer phase, each contact 68? being connected to the transfer control circuit.

The actuating means for switch elements 685 is shown in 8, wherein a cam 690 is driven clockwise by shaft 525 (Fig. 2) from the main clutch iii. A cam follower 593 (Fig. 8) is keyed to a shaft 58 and is normally urged counterclockwise by a spring 895 to maintain a roller 698 against the cam see. .1e shaft 694 also has keyed thereto a plurality of arms 695 (one for each order) having insulated tips 699 cooperating with the movable switch elements 685 in all orders.

Just before the transfer phase of each cycle the rotation of the cam 699 carries a lobe 69| thereon below the roller 695 to rock the cam follower GES, the shaft 6%, and all the arms 691, clockwise, to open the contacts (536 and close the contacts 53?.

Referring now to Fig. 13, the dials are advanced a transfer increment in all orders except those in which the magnets (569 are energized at the time that the clutch engaging shaft 835 (Fig. 4) is rocked for transfer. Therefore an electrical impulse is transmitted from a timing switch se ment 66d (Fig. 13) through the transfer circuits to the magnets $823 at the time in the cycle that 

